Chem-News June 1991
DATE: June 1991
TO: Those Interested in Pesticide Information
FROM: William G. Smith, Senior Extension Associate
INDEX
Page
Our Name Has Changed!! .................................................... 1
Pesticide Carbofuran (Furadan) Phased Out Under Settlement Agreement .......2
Classifying Pesticides for Restricted Use Due to Ground Water Concerns .... 3
Pesticide Emergency Exemptions Granted to NY by EPA ....................... 3
Reregistration Notification Network ....................................... 7
Pesticide Briefs .......................................................... 8
* * * * * * * * * *
OUR NAME HAS CHANGED!!
We have changed our program name!! Our new program name is the
Pesticide Management Education Program.
The Pesticide Management Education Program (formerly called the
Chemicals-Pesticides Program) was established at Cornell University in 1964 in
recognition of the need to use safe pesticides in agricultural production and
pest control. Today, the program is responsible for developing training
materials for pesticide applicator certification and for providing pesticide
information on safe application, storage, disposal, and chemical effects on
human health and the environment. The program staff works closely with state
and federal agencies, agrichemical industries, grower organizations and
producers, homeowners and consumers. Also, the program has developed a
computerized, on-line pesticide information program that can be accessed from
the Cornell Cooperative Extension Network (CENET).
-- W. Smith, Pesticide Management Education Program
PESTICIDE CARBOFURAN (FURADAN) PHASED OUT UNDER SETTLEMENT AGREEMENT
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency announced that it has reached an
agreement with FMC Corp. of Philadelphia to phase out the sale and use of the
granular formulations of the pesticide carbofuran (Furadan) for all but five
minor uses by Sept. 1, 1994. In addition, the use of granular carbofuran will
be banned in certain ecologically sensitive areas beginning Sept. 1, 1991.
FMC Corp. is the only manufacturer and registrant of granular carbofuran.
Liquid carbofuran was not considered in the settlement agreement.
The action follows a 1989 proposal by EPA to ban granular formulations of
carbofuran based on evidence that carbofuran granules are acutely toxic to
birds. A single granule may kill a small bird. Carbofuran has killed many
birds, including endangered species such as the bald eagle.
EPA has received more than 80 separate reported bird-kill incidents
attributed to carbofuran granular use in several crops throughout the country
and has reviewed eight field studies in 10 states. The Agency concluded that
dietary exposure to birds occurred from direct ingestion of granules and
ingestion of soil invertebrates such as earthworms contaminated with
carbofuran. Secondary poisoning of birds of prey ingesting small birds or
mammals contaminated with carbofuran also occurred.
The complete human health data base generally does not show any human
health concerns. Carbofuran is widely used to control nematodes and insects
on corn, sorghum, rice and other fields, vegetable and fruit crops.
After Sept. 1, 1994, FMC's sales of granular carbofuran will be limited
to no more than 2,500 pounds per year. Use will be limited to five crops:
bananas in Hawaii, spinach grown for seed, pine tree progeny tests, cucurbits
(cucumbers, squash, pumpkins, cantaloupe and watermelons) and dry-harvested
cranberries.
Under terms of the agreement, the sale of granular carbofuran for use on
corn and sorghum will be prohibited after Sept. 1, 1993, for use on rice after
Sept. 1, 1994 and for use on bananas in Puerto Rico after Sept. 1, 1994. The
use of carbofuran on bananas in Hawaii, dry-harvested cranberries, cucurbits,
pine tree progeny tests and spinach grown for seed will be allowed to continue
indefinitely. All other uses of granular carbofuran will be voluntarily
deleted from the label effective Sept. 1, 1992. During the phase-out period,
FMC sales of granular carbofuran will be limited as follows:
- between Sept. 1, 1991 and Aug. 31, 1992, no more than 4.5 million
pounds of active ingredients may be sold;
- between Sept. 1, 1992 and Aug. 31, 1993, no more may be sold than the
difference between 4.5 million pounds and the amount sold during the period of
Sept. 1, 1991 and Aug. 31, 1992;
- between Sept. 1, 1993 and Aug. 31, 1994, no more may be sold than the
difference between 4.5 million pounds and the total amount sold during the
previous two years, but in any event, no more than 400,000 pounds.
- beginning Sept. 1, 1994 FMC will be allowed to sell no more than 2,500
pounds of granular carbofuran annually and use will be limited to bananas in
Hawaii, dry-harvested cranberries, cucurbits, pine tree progeny tests and
spinach grown for seed.
In addition to the annual sales reduction of granular carbofuran, certain
geographic restrictions to protect birds in ecologically sensitive areas, and
a prohibition of the foliar application on corn go into effect Sept. 1, 1991.
The geographic restrictions for all granular carbofuran includes a prohibition
against any use (except for the five remaining crops as noted above) in the
states of Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New
Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont and Virginia. Granular carbofuran use will
also be prohibited in the coastal counties of the states of North Carolina,
Oregon, South Carolina and Washington and from use on corn and sorghum in
California.
Remaining stocks of granular carbofuran in the hands of growers and
distributors labeled for use on corn and sorghum may be sold and used for one
year after the phase-out, until Aug. 31, 1994. Similarly, granular carbofuran
labeled for use on rice may only be sold and used until Aug. 31, 1995.
During the course of the special review of carbofuran which began in
1985, EPA reviewed and evaluated a number of options other than cancellation
to reduce the risk to birds. Among these measures were the following:
additional precautionary labeling regarding the hazard to birds, limiting
carbofuran use to certain months of the year, limiting application
geographically, and limiting application rates. EPA found that none of these
risk reduction measures were adequate to reduce the risk to birds, given the
high toxicity of carbofuran granules.
The agreement in principle between EPA and FMC Corp. has been signed. To
effect this agreement, FMC is expected to amend their granular carbofuran
registrations by June 1. The agreement will effectively conclude the Agency's
Special Review of granular carbofuran.
-- Dennis D. Kopp, USDA/ES/NAPIAP, 5/15/91
CRITERIA FOR CLASSIFYING PESTICIDES FOR RESTRICTED USE DUE TO GROUND WATER
CONCERNS
EPA has proposed two options for adding new criteria for selection of
pesticide products as candidates for restricted use classification. Pesticide
products classified for restricted use under authority of section 3(d) of the
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) may be purchased
and used only by certified pesticide applicators or individuals under their
supervision. The proposed criteria would require consideration of restricted
use for pesticide products that may contaminate ground water. One option
would add criteria consisting of either the measured persistence and mobility
of an ingredient of a pesticide product, or the detection of the ingredient in
ground water in at least three different counties. This is EPA's preferred
option.
Another option would consider an ingredient's persistence and mobility,
and/or (depending on the product's data base) whether the ingredient had been
detected in ground water in at least three different counties at levels
greater than 10 percent of the Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL), or lifetime
Health Advisory established under the Safe Drinking Water Act, or in 25 or
more wells in 4 or more States. Comments must be received on or before July
12, 1991.
-- Federal Register, May 13, 1991
PESTICIDE SPECIFIC EXEMPTIONS GRANTED TO NEW YORK BY EPA
Vinclozolin (Ronilan) on Snap Beans for mold control
____________________________________________________
The Environmental Protection Agency hereby grants a specific exemption
under the provisions of section 18 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and
Rodenticide Act, as amended, to the New York Department of Environmental
Conservation for use of vinclozolin (Ronilan) to control gray mold and white
mold on snap beans. This specific exemption is subject to the following
condition and restrictions.
1. The New York Department of Environmental Conservation is responsible for
ensuring that all provisions of this specific exemption are met. It is
also responsible for providing information in accordance with 40 CFR
166.32. This information must be submitted to EPA headquarters through
the EPA regional office.
2. The products Ronilan 50W (EPA Reg. No. 7969-53) and Ronilan 50DF (EPA
Reg. No. 7969-85), manufactured by BASF Wyandotte Corporation, may be
used. All applicable precautions, directions and restrictions on the
EPA-Registered product labels must be followed.
3. A maximum rate of 0.75 lb. active ingredient (1.5 lb. Ronilan) per acre
per application may be used.
4. A maximum of 2 applications is authorized.
5. All applications will be made with ground application equipment using a
minimum of 30 gallons of water per acre or by air in a minimum of 5
gallons of water per acre. Aerial applications will utilize a closed
loading system (direct pumping from drums).
6. A 14-day pre-harvest interval will be observed.
7. A maximum of 10,000 acres of snap beans in New York may be treated.
8. Applications will be made by or under the supervision of certified
private applicators or by certified commercial applicators. Impervious
gloves, long sleeves, and long pants should be worn during all mixing,
loading, and application of this product.
9. Bean hay from treated fields may not be fed to livestock.
10. Applications made in accordance with the above provisions are not
expected to result in residues of vinclozolin and its metabolites
containing the 3,5-dichloroaniline moiety in excess of 3 ppm in or on
succulent snap beans, 10 ppm in cannery waste, and 50 ppm in succulent
snap bean forage. Secondary residues are not expected to exceed 0.5 ppm
in milk; 1.0 ppm in fat and 0.5 muscle, 5.0 ppm in liver and 2.0 kidney
of cattle, goats, hogs, horses or sheep; and 0.1 ppm in poultry eggs,
muscle, liver and kidney.
This agency has determined that these levels are adequate to protect the
public health. Adequate analytical methodology is available in PAM-II
and analytical reference standards for vinclozolin are available from the
EPA pesticides and industrial chemicals repository at RTP, N.C.
The Food and Drug Administration, DHHS, and the United States Department
of Agriculture have been advised of this action.
11. The EPA shall be immediately informed of any adverse effects resulting
from use of Ronilan in connection with this program.
12. A final report summarizing the results of this program must be submitted
by April 30, 1992.
13. This specific exemption expires on October 31, 1991.
Any future correspondence in connection with the exemption should refer
to file symbol: 91-NY-01.
The regulations governing Section 18 of FIFRA required that the agency
consider in its decision whether to grant a repeated Section 18, the progress
being made toward Section 3 registration of the use. This is the 9th year
that this use has been requested under Section 18 of FIFRA. I will not be
inclined to grant future Section 18 requests unless there is continued
progress toward Section 3 registration of the use of Vinclozolin on snap
beans. It would be to your advantage to keep current on such progress.
-- Douglas D. Campt, Director, Office of Pesticide Programs, 5/30/91.
Sodium Fluoaluminate (Cryolite) to Control Colorado Potato Beetle on Potatoes
_____________________________________________________________________________
The Environmental Protection Agency hereby grants a specific exemption
under the provisions of section 18 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and
Rodenticide Act, as amended, to the New York Department of Environmental
Conservation for the use of sodium fluoaluminate (cryolite) to control
Colorado potato beetles on potatoes. Use of cryolite under this exemption
must be in connection with an integrated pest management program.
Applications of cryolite will only be made when Colorado potato beetles reach
economically damaging levels. This specific exemption is subject to the
following conditions and restrictions:
1. Use of the cryolite products: Kryocide 96WP, EPA Reg. No. 4581-116,
manufactured by Atochem North America and Prokil Cryolite 96, EPA Reg.
No. 10163-41, manufactured by Gowan Company, are authorized. All
applicable precautions, directions and restrictions of the EPA-registered
labels must be followed.
2. These products are to be applied at a maximum rate of 12 lbs. of product
per acre per application.
3. A maximum of two applications by ground or air equipment is authorized.
The number of applications has been reduced to two in order to encourage
use of registered alternatives particularly Bacillus thuringiensis in an
integrated pest management approach to controlling this pest. Before I
will allow additional applications, you must submit the following:
a. For each application of a pesticide to control Colorado potato
beetles provide: the date applied; the product applied; the
application rate; acres treated; the cost of the chemical; the cost
of labor to apply the chemical; the average daily temperature at the
time of application; last date of rainfall; estimated date of next
rainfall, last date of irrigation; percent of Colorado potato beetle
population as adults, as 1st and 2nd instars, and as large instars.
b. A plan for an IPM program which provides a detailed description of
how B.t. products will be incorporated into the program how
monitoring pest populations will be conducted, an estimate of the
number of applications and quantity of cryolite to be used over the
remainder of the season, and a commitment to collect the items listed
under #1, above, for each application of a pesticide to control
Colorado potato beetle. The records collected must be submitted to
the Agency by November 15, 1991 and will serve as the final report
for the specific exemption.
4. No application will be made within 3 days of harvest.
5. A maximum of 20,000 acres of potatoes in New York may be treated.
6. Residue levels of fluorine (from cryolite) resulting from the above
applications are not expected to exceed 5 ppm in or on potatoes and
potato processed commodities. This Agency has determined that this level
is adequate to protect the public health. Analytical methodology is
available in PAM II, Method I. The Food and Drug Administration, DHHS,
has been advised of this action.
7. The records collected, as specified in item #4 above, must be submitted
to the Agency by November 15, 1991 and will serve as the final report for
the specific exemption.
8. The EPA shall be immediately informed of any adverse effects resulting
from the use of this pesticide in connection with this exemption.
9. This specific exemption expires October 15, 1991.
Any future correspondence in connection with this exemption should refer
to file symbol: 91-NY-05.
The decision of whether future requests for this use are approved will
depend, in part, on progress toward registration. It would be to your
advantage to keep current on the progress towards registration of this use.
In addition, in future requests for this use, data which demonstrates the
limitations faced with the conventional B.t. products as well as the economic
level of control provided by use of the B.t. products in an IPM approach with
the other currently registered materials and the environmental conditions
under which the studies were conducted would be helpful. Comparative studies
with the M-one Plus formulation (particularly under less than ideal
conditions, i.e. warm dry weather), which may soon be registered, would also
be helpful. While I realize that developing data at this time may not be
practical due to the onset of the season, information should be provided to
whatever extent possible.
Unless evidence is submitted that an IPM program including the new Bt.
formulations was utilized in the 1991 use season, I will not entertain further
exemption requests for this use.
-- Douglas D. Campt, Office of Pesticide Programs, 5/31/91
Pendimethalin (Prowl) for Weed Control in Dry Bulb Onions
_________________________________________________________
The environmental protection agency hereby grants a specific exemption
under the provisions of section 18 of the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and
Rodenticide Act, as amended, to the New York Department of Environmental
Conservation for the use of pendimethalin (prowl) in dry bulb onions grown on
organic soils for control of lambsquarter, prostrate spurge, and redroot
pigweed. This exemption is subject to the following conditions and
restrictions:
1. The New York Department of Environmental Conservation is responsible for
ensuring that all provisions of this specific exemption are met. It is
also responsible for providing information in accordance with 40 CFR
166.32. This information must be submitted to EPA headquarters through
the EPA regional office.
2. The product prowl herbicide (EPA Registration No. 241-243), manufactured
by American Cyanamid, may be applied. All applicable directions,
restrictions and precautions on the EPA-registered product label must be
followed.
3. A maximum of two ground applications of pendimethalin at a maximum rate
of 2.0 pound active ingredient per acre diluted in a minimum of 10-
gallons of water may be made. A 45-day preharvest interval will be
observed.
4. A maximum of 11,700 acres of dry bulb onions grown on muck soils may be
treated under this exemption.
5. Onions from treated fields may not be fed to livestock. Treated fields
may not be used for feed or grazing.
6. Do not make applications within 500 feet of bodies of water containing
fish or aquatic invertebrates.
7. Residues of pendimethalin and its metabolites from applications made in
accordance with the above restrictions are not likely to exceed 0.1 ppm
on onions. Secondary residues in meat and milk are not expected from the
proposed use.
8. The EPA shall be immediately informed of any adverse effects or misuse
resulting from the use of this pesticide in connection with this
exemption.
9. A report summarizing the results of this program must be submitted by
January 1, 1992.
10. This specific exemption expires June 30, 1991.
You are advised that a decision regarding any future request for this use
will be dependent, in part, on the progress made toward securing the
registration of this use of pendimethalin on onions. Any future request for
this use of pendimethalin must discuss in detail the progress that has been
made toward section 3 registration since this exemption was authorized.
-- Douglas D. Campt, Office of Pesticide Programs, 5/15/91
Metalaxyl (Ridomil) to Control Phytophthora Root Rot in Ginseng
The EPA has granted a specific exemption to New York for the use of
metalaxyl (Ridomil) to control Phytophthora root rot on nine acres of ginseng.
-- W. Smith, Pesticide Management Education Program
REREGISTRATION NOTIFICATION NETWORK
Naptalam (Alanap)
_________________
-- Uniroyal Chemical Co. has announced that it plans to voluntarily
cancel select uses of the following herbicides that contain the active
ingredient naptalam (Alanap).
Product Uses
_______ ____
ALANAP Peanut (preemergence),
Soybean (preemergence and postemergence)
RESCUE Soybean (postemergence)
These uses are being dropped because of data development cost for
reregistration. Please note that ALANAP uses on cucurbits and nursery stock
will be supported.
For additional information contact Mr. David Cote Marketing Manager
Herbicides and PGR's, Uniroyal Chemical Co. Inc., Middlebury, CT 06749
(203/573-2298 or USDA-National Pesticide Impact Assessment Program at
(800/262-0216).
Isopropalin (Parlan)
____________________
DowElanco has submitted a voluntary cancellation notice for isopropalin's
use on tobacco, the last registered use of Parlan EC herbicide. The
cancellation is due to cost of data development. No other products containing
isopropalin will be registered.
For further information contact John Keaton, Product Development Manager
DowElanco, 9002 Purdue Rd., Indianapolis, IN 46268 (317/870-7268) or contact
the USDA-National Pesticide Impact Assessment Program at (800/262-0216).
Azinphos-methyl (Guthion)
_________________________
The IR-4 Program has committed to EPA to develop new "magnitude of the
residue data" for azinphos-methyl on 11 crops (apricots, blackberry,
boysenberry, broccoli, Brussel sprouts, cabbage, cauliflower, celery,
loganberry, raspberry and rye). However, newly available batches of Mobay's
Guthion do not contain these crops on the label.
Other formulations of azinphos-methyl still have the supported crops on
their label. Mobay plans to request supplemental labeling to correct this
problem.
Vinclozolin (Ronilan)
_____________________
BASF has provided EPA notice that they will not reregister the plum and
prune uses of Ronilan WP, Ronilan FL and Ronilan DF Fungicide products. This
use deletion is effective August 27, 1991 .
For additional information contact Mr. Rodney Akers at BASF Corporation
P.O. Box 13528, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709-3528 (919/361-5484) or USDA-
National Pesticide Impact Assessment Program at (800/262-0216).
-- USEPA, 5/28/91
PESTICIDE BRIEFS:
Only Three New Pesticides Registered in FY 1991
_______________________________________________
-- In Fiscal year 1991 EPA registered only three new pesticides compared
to fiscal years 1988, 1989 and 1990 when 13, 15 and six respectively were
registered for the first time as pesticides under FIFRA.
The three registered in fiscal 1991 (through the second quarter), the
report noted, were: two fungicides -- gliocladium (W.R. Grace) and
Trichoderma - harzianum (Eastman Kodak) -- and a codling moth pheromone
(Biocontrol, Ltd.)
OPP officials could not explain the reason for the low number of new
registrations in fiscal 1991 so far.
Third Party Registrations
_________________________
Unless EPA changes its regulations, third parties producing data and
assuming minor use registrations would not be compensated by follow-on, end-
use registrants who seek end-use labels for the minor uses, according to
Steven Schatzow of the Washington, D.C., law firm of Morgan, Lewis & Bockius.
-- Pesticide & Toxic Chemical News, 6/5/91
EBDC Decision
_____________
Final EBDC decision covering 55 use sites is scheduled to be made by EPA
in September.
Hazardous Waste Bill
____________________
Rep. Towns (D-N.Y.) introduced a bill June 6 (HR 2580) which would ban
the import and export of hazardous wastes into and out of the U.S. There are
16 co-sponsors of the legislation.
Farmworker Safety Risk of 10-4 No Longer Accepted By EPA
________________________________________________________
The 10-4 acceptable risk standard for farmworker exposure to pesticides
is about to be history as EPA gets ready to move against parathion and ,
later, mevinphos (Phosdrin).
Furthermore an EPA official observed last week, "On parathion, there is a
new picture on the benefits side and they are not as persuasive because there
are now alternatives."
The parathion decision, probably suspension, is expected in August,
followed by mevinphos, which is being looked at on an accelerated basis, he
said.
Also past history is the 10-4 risk standard for farm workers exposed to
pesticides, the official noted. "This standard allowed significantly more
risk than that allowed for the general population" exposed to pesticides in
the diet, he added.
EPA Pesticide Incident Data Collection Starting
_______________________________________________
Collection of pesticide incident data has been initiated by EPA's Office
of Pesticide Programs (OPP), which is beginning to build the basic software to
handle the voluntary submission of confirmed and unconfirmed incidents from
various sources, including: historical data EPA has in hand now; Section
6(a)(2) adverse effects reports; poison control centers; state health and
agriculture departments; applicators, etc. Frank L. Davido, Pesticide
Incident Response Officer, Field Operations Division, OPP. noted last week
that the database could eventually be updated electronically and daily.
-- Pesticide & Toxic Chemical News, 6/12/91
wgs/6/91
Disclaimer: Please read
the pesticide label prior to use. The information contained at this web
site is not a substitute for a pesticide label. Trade names used herein
are for convenience only; no endorsement of products is intended, nor is
criticism of unnamed products implied. Most of this information is historical
in nature and may no longer be applicable.
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