Fensulfothion
PESTICIDE NAME: Fensulfothion
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Trade name(s): Dasanit
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Manufacturer(s): Mobay Chemical Corporation
Agri. Chemicals Div.
P.O. Box 4913
Kansas City, Mo. 64120
I. Basic information
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A. Molecular structure: C11H17O4PS2
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B. Chemical name: O,O-Diethyl O-[p-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]
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phosphorothioate
C. Derivatives: sulfide and sulfone
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D. Molecular weight: 308.3 g/mole
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E. Solubility in water: 1600 mg/l
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F. Common physical appearance: No information available
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G. Oral LD50(rat): 2-11 mg/kg
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H. Pesticide classification: organophosphate insecticide,
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nematicide
I. Restricted use list (N.Y.): yes
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EPA priority pesticide list: no
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J. Crop use: corn, onion, potato, radish, turnip, rutabaga,
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cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts
II. Text
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Fensulfothion is an organophosphate insecticide (nematicide) used
on vegetable crops in New York. It is on the restricted use list of
New York and breaks down to the metabolites sulfide and sulfone in
soils. Fensulfothion undergoes rapid transformation in soil with a
half-life estimated to be between 5 and 24 wks. The scientific
literature contains substantial information on fensulfothion
degradation and transport. Adsorption is described by the linear
Freundlich isotherm and follows the order
sulfide>sulfone>fensulfothion.
III. Soils information
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A. Degradation and transformation
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The persistence of fensulfothion in soils under sterile or
non-sterile conditions is the subject of some disagreement in the
scientific literature. In sterile sandy loam and organic soils, the
half-life of fensulfothion reported in one study was >24wks whereas the
half-life under non-sterile conditions was about 1wk. In this study a
95% reduction in the fensulfothion concentration occurred between 4 and
6wks(7). An earlier study by the same principal author reported
persistence of fensulfothion in sterile and non-sterile sand, sediment,
sandy loam and muck to be about 16wks(6). Other researchers working
with non-sterile sandy loam reported a 98% loss of fensulfothion at
4mo(3) and half-lives of 30-39d for fensulfothion and 14-23d for
sulfone(4). In a study on the effect of concentration on degradation,
again in sandy loam soil, it was found that a low initial concentration
of fensulfothion (50-175ppm) persisted 50-60d whereas a high
concentration (250-500ppm) persisted for more than 900d. Such
degradation was neither constant nor uniform(8).
The tables below present data concerning degradation and
transformation of fensulfothion in soils. The reference is given in
parentheses at the end of each title.
Retention of fensulfothion in various soils (coated clay core) after
72hrs at 40% moisture and 20deg C. Soils = Dannevirke sil(D), Egmont
bl(E), Matapiro sil(M), Orvanui ls(O), Stratford sl(S), Templeton
sil(T), Timaru sil(Ti), Waikiwi sil(W)(9)
Soil %retained %releasea Soil %retained %release
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D 63.8 36.2 S 62.3 37.7
E 76.4 23.6 T 86.3 13.7
M 58.6 41.4 Ti 70.9 29.1
O 59.0 41.0 W 85.4 29.4
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Fensulfothion and sulfone concentration in sandy loam soil with varying
initial concentration at 24mo after initial application(8)
24 months after application
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Init.conc.(ppm) Fensul.(ppm) Sulfone(ppm)
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0 - -
15 0.6 <0.08
35 3.0 <0.08
75 8.8 <0.08
100 9.4 <0.08
150 37.2 0.088
200 68.2 0.094
250 38.2 0.50
350 38.4 0.92
500 39.6 1.08
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Ppm fensulfothion or metabolite in sandy loam soil under two
application rates(4)
FENSUL APPLIED 1978
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kg/ha
Apply Specie 1d 5d 15d 30d 60d 90d 120d 150d
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8.48 FSO 140.9 - - 80.2 46.07 13.72 - -
FSO2 2.96 - - 20.6 22.33 4.11 - -
16.96 FSO 303.5 - - 154.9 132.7 65.18 - -
FSO2 6.49 - - 33.6 31.4 29.26 - - slope of
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Soil 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 isotherm
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Dannevirke sil 86.9 8.2 4.2 0.6 0.69
Egmont bl 56.4 23.3 10.5 7.1 1.9 0.7 0.72
Matapiro sil 89.7 8.0 1.8 0.4 0.48
Oruanui ls 98.9 0.6 0.3 0.65
Stratford sl 82.8 15.0 1.8 0.3 0.70
Templeton sil 97.9 1.7 0.4 0.52
Timaru sil 97.4 1.6 0.8 0.2 0.62
Waikiwi sil 98.1 1.4 0.4 0.60
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Adsorption parameters for fensulfothion, the sulfide and sulfone in
various soils(6) (units for K = nanomoles/g)
FS F FSO2
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Soil l/n K l/n K l/n K
____ ___________________ _______________ __________________
sand 0.903 24.53 0.973 1.46 1.120 0.970
sed 1.001 57.88 1.081 3.49 0.844 8.78
sl 0.941 79.80 0.822 8.39 0.993 8.73
muck 0.708 748.6 0.871 59.92 0.797 147.8
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Percent fensulfothion, the sulfide or sulfone leached in a given rinse
or fraction (number given in parentheses) (6)
FS F FSO2
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Soil % leached in (fraction)
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sand 22% in (9) 95% in (4) 97% in (7)
sediment 21% in (10) 96% in (4) 98% in (8)
sandy loam 32% in (2) 90% in (3) 95% in (7)
muck 0% in (10) 82% in (10) 48% in (10)
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IV.References (*denotes key reference)
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1.Bowman, B.T. 1973. SSSAP. 37. 200-7.
2.Chapman, R.A. and C.M. Cole. 1982. J.Environ.Sci.Health. B17.
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487-504.
3.Chisolm, D. 1974. Can.J.PlantSci. 54. 667-71.
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*4.Greenhalgh, R. and D.C. Read. 1981. J.Environ.Sci.Health. B16.
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363-79.
5.Kahn, S.U. 1980. Pesticides in the Soil Environment.
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Amsterdam:Elsevier.
*6.Miles, J.R.W., B.T. Bowman and C.R. Harris.
1981.J.Environ.Sci.Health. B16. 309-24.
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*7.Miles, J.R.W., C.M. Tu and C.R. Harris. 1979.
Bull.Environ.Contam.Toxicol. 22. 312-18.
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*8.Sheela, S. and V.N. Vasantharajan. 1977. J.Environ.Sci.Health B12.
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15-35.
*9.Udy, P.B. 1977. N.Z.J.Ag.Res. 20. 79-85.
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