copper-hydroxide (Kocide) Chemical Profile 1/85
copper hydroxide
CHEMICAL name: Cupric hydroxide (6)
TRADE name(S): Kocide (48)
FORMULATION(S): Wettable powder, dust, 30% flowable; also combined
with sulfur and copper oxychloride (48).
Kocide 101 Wettable Powder containing 77% cupric
hydroxide (copper equivalent 50%).
Kocide 606 contains 6 pounds Kocide 101/gallon;
37.5% copper hydroxide (copper equivalent 24.4%).
Broad spectrum fungicide registered for use on
the same crops as Kocide 101.
Kocide SD Seed Dressing is a flowable formulation
containing 30% cupric hydroxide (copper equivalent
19.5%). Cleared for use on rice seed and wheat
and barley seed (56).
TYPE: Inorganic fungicide
BASIC PRODUCER(S): Kocide Chemical Corp.
12701 Almeda Rd.
P.O. Box 45539
Houston, TX 77045
STATUS: General use
PRINCIPAL USES: Used as broad spectrum foliar fungicide on fruits,
vegetables and ornamentals (48). Kocide 101 has been cleared for use
on alfalfa, almonds, apricots, beans, blackberries, broccoli, Brussels
sprouts, cabbage and cauliflower, cantaloupes, honeydews, muskmelons,
carrots, celery, cherry, cranberry, cucumbers, currants, gooseberry,
grapes, filberts, peaches, nectarines, peanuts, pears, peas, peppers,
potatoes, pumpkin, squash, strawberries, apples, eggplant, hops,
lettuce, onion, sugar beets, sycamore, tomatoes, walnut, watermelon,
wheat, and barley (56).
I. EFFICACY
To be developed.
II. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
MOLECULAR FORMULA: CU (OH)2 (3)
PHYSICAL STATE: Blue powder (3)
MELTING POINT: Decomposes (3)
SOLUBILITY: Insoluble in water (3)
III. HEALTH HAZARD INFORMATION
OSHA STANDARD: NA
NIOSH RECOMMENDED LIMIT: NA
ACGIH RECOMMENDED LIMIT: NA
TOXICOLOGY
A. ACUTE TOXICITY
ORAL: LD50 = 1000 mg/kg (48)
B. SUBACUTE AND CHRONIC TOXICITY:
To be developed.
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Hazardous to fish. Nonphytoxic when used as directed. Russeting
of pears occurs at high rates (48).
V. EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES
The chemical information provided below has been condensed
from original source documents, primarily from "Recognition and
Management of Pesticide Poisonings", 3rd ed. by Donald P. Morgan,
which have been footnoted. This information has been provided in
this form for your convenience and general guidance only. In
specific cases, further consultation and reference may be required
and is recommended. This information is not intended as a sub-
stitute for a more exhaustive review of the literature nor for the
judgement of a physician or other trained professional.
If poisoning is suspected, do not wait for symptoms to develop.
Contact a physician, the nearest hospital, or the nearest Poison
Control Center.
FREQUENT SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS OF POISONING
All of these salts (including copper hydroxide) irritate the skin
and eyes and damage mucous membranes. When ingested, they are
powerfully emetic: the stomach usually empties promptly and
automatically in fully conscious individuals. When retained and
absorbed, toxic injury affects the gastrointestinal lining,
capillaries, brain, liver, kidney, and formed elements of the blood.
Copper salts are hemolytic.
Manifestations of poisoning include burning in the chest and
abdomen, intense nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, sweating and
shock. Later, the liver is enlarged. Jaundice may reflect hemolysis
or liver damage or both. Anuria indicates kidney injury by copper
and/or free hemoglobin. Death may occur from convulsions, coma, or
hepatorenal failure. Elevated serum copper levels (maximum normal
level is 125 ug per 100 ml) indicate severity of poisoning (25).
SKIN CONTACT: Wash contaminated skin (25).
EYE CONTACT: Flush eyes with copious amounts of water (25).
NOTES TO PHYSICIAN:
Wash contaminated skin and flush eyes with copious amounts of
water. If copper salts have been ingested, lavage the stomach with
0.1% potassium ferrocyanide, then instill a suspension of egg white.
Intravenous fluids accelerate excretion. If signs of systemic
poisoning develop, give dimercaptrol or penicillamine, 0.5 mg orally
four times daily, if patient can retain oral medication. Shock may
require blood transfusions and pain may require morphine. Exchange
transfusions may be considered in severe poisonings. Renal failure may
require protracted hemodialysis (25).
VI. FIRE AND EXPLOSION INFORMATION
To be developed.
VII. COMPATIBILITY
Compatible with most other pesticides. Some formulations should
not be mixed with water. Check label (48).
VIII. PROTECTIVE MEASURES
To be developed.
IX. PROCEDURES FOR SPILLS AND LEAKS
IN CASE OF EMERGENCY, CALL, DAY OR NIGHT
(800) 424-9300
PESTICIDE TEAM SAFETY NETWORK/CHEMTREC
X. LITERATURE CITED
3. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 8th ed. 1971. VanNostrand
Reihnold Co., New York, NY. 971 pp.
6. Farm Chemicals Handbook, 66th ed. 1980. G. L. Berg, C. Sine,
S. Meister, and H. Shephard, eds. Meister Publ. Co.,
Willoughby, OH.
25. Morgan, D.P. 1982. Recognition and management of
pesticide poisonings, 3rd ed. U. S. Environmental Protection
Agency, Washington, DC. 120 pp.
48. Harding, W.C. 1979-80. Pesticide profiles, part two: fungicides
and nematicides. Univ. Maryland, Coop. Ext. Service Bull.
283, 22 pp.
56. Farm Chemicals Handbook, 70th ed. 1984. R. T. Meister, G. L.
Berg, C. Sine, S. Meister, and J. Poplyk, eds. Meister
Publishing Co., Willoughby, OH.
1/31/85
Disclaimer: Please read
the pesticide label prior to use. The information contained at this web
site is not a substitute for a pesticide label. Trade names used herein
are for convenience only; no endorsement of products is intended, nor is
criticism of unnamed products implied. Most of this information is historical
in nature and may no longer be applicable.
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