fluometuron (Cotoran, Lanex) Herbicide Profile 12/85
CHEMICAL FACT SHEET FOR:
FLUOMETURON
-- FACT SHEET NUMBER: 88
DATE ISSUED: DECEMBER , 1985
1. DESCRIPTION OF CHEMICAL
- Generic Name: fluometuron (ANSI, WSSA, BSI, ISO)
- Trade Name: Cotoran, Lanex
- EPA Shaughnessy Code: 035503
- Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 2164-17-2
- Year of Initial Registration: 1960
- Pesticide Type: herbicide
- Chemical Family: substituted urea
- U.S. and Foreign Producers: Ciba-Geigy, FBC Chemicals
2. USE PATTERNS AND FORMULATIONS
- Application sites: To selectively control certain annual grasses
and broadleaf weeds in cotton and sugarcane.
- Formulations: Flowable liquid concentrate and wettable powder.
- Types and methods of application: Postemergent directed or over-
the-top spray, preplant soil incorporated, preemergent broadcast or
banded spray, a directed layby treatment, and aerial application.
- Application rates: Cotton 1.0 to 2 .0 lb. a.i./A with one to three
applications per season, sugarcane 2.0 to 4.0 lb. a.i./A with one
to two applications per season.
3 . SCIENCE FINDINGS
Chemical Characteristics
- Physical state: Powder or crystals
- Color: White to tan
- Odor: Amine-like
- Melting point: 163 to 164.5
- Specific gravity or density: 1.40 g/cu. cm at 20 C
- Solubility (at 20 C): In water, 105 ppm; acetone, 15%; chloroform,
2%; methanol, 14%; and hexane, < 4%.
- Vapor pressure: 5 x 10 mmHg at 20 C
- Octanol/water partition coefficient: PK = 3.2 at 20 C
- Stability: Hydrolyzed by acid or base. Stable at room
temperature.
Toxicological Characteristics
- Acute effects:
- Acute oral toxicity: 8.9 gm/kg in male rats, 7.8 gm/kg in female
rats.Toxicity Category IV
- Acute dermal toxicity: 3.03 gm/kg in rabbits, Toxicity Category III
- Acute inhalation: > 2.07 mg/l, Toxicity Category III
- Primary eye irritation: Induces corneal opacity, Toxicity
Category I
- Major routes of exposure: Dermal and inhalation.
- Subchronic effects:
- The NOEL for rats is 7.5 mg/kg.
- The NOEL for dogs is 400 ppm.
- Chronic effects:
- No adequate feeding studies are available to establish the
chronic toxicity potential of technical fluometuron.
- Oncogenicity: data gap
- Teratogenicity: The compound is not teratogenic up to 500
mg/kg. No LEL can be established based on current data.
- 2-generation reproduction: data gap
- Mutagenicity: data gap
Physiological and Biochemical Behavioral Characteristics
- Metabolism: data gap
Environmental Characteristics
- Preliminary adsorption and leaching characteristics: Fluometuron
is moderately to very mobile in a variety of soils ranging in
texture from sand to silty clay loam. These characteristics are
not adequately understood.
- Resultant average persistence: Fluometuron dissipates in sandy
clay loam with a half-life of < 30 days (Europe).
Ecological Characteristics
- Hazards to birds: Data are sufficient to characterize fluometuron
as slightly to practically nontoxic to birds.
- Hazards to fish: data gap
Tolerance Assessment
- List of crops and tolerances (CFR 40 180.229): cottonseed at 0.1
ppm, and sugarcane at 0.1 ppm.
- Results of tolerance assessment: Tolerances cannot be adequately
assessed until data gaps have been filled.
Summary Science Statement
- Fluometuron has been found to have many data gaps and to be a
potential groundwater contaminant.
- Fluometuron is not acutely toxic in general. However, it does
produce some skin irritation and does induce corneal opacity.
4. SUMMARY OF REGULATORY POSITION AND RATIONALE
- Based on review and evaluation of all available data and other
relevant information on fluometuron, the Agency has made the
following determinations:
- The available data are insufficient to indicate that any of the
risk criteria listed in, Section 162.11(a) of Title 40 of the U.S.
Code of Federal Regulations have been met or exceeded for the uses
of fluometuron at the present time.
- Fluometuron is a Toxicity Category I chemical regarding corneal
opacity. Skin irritation places fluometuron in Toxicity Category
II. However, the Agency has determined that the protective
clothing required by this Standard will sufficiently reduce the
risk associated with its use.
- The absence of other toxicological data prevents the Agency from
determining the subacute and chronic effects of fluometuron.
Given the lack of data, the most appropriate action is to move
quickly to fill the data gaps. When data are submitted and
reviewed, the Agency will determine the registerability of the
affected use pattern.
- Fluometuron tolerances for cotton and sugarcane will be reevaluated
when the requested data in the Standard are received and reviewed.
The data base supporting these tolerances is inadequate. The data
required to fill these data gaps are listed under number 5, Summary
of Major Data Gaps, on this fact sheet.
- Tolerances for fluometuron on meat, milk, poultry, and eggs have
not been established; therefore, the label restrictions on feeding
crop material to livestock will remain on product labeling.
- Fluometuron has been placed on the list of possible groundwater
contaminants, and the Agency has requested groundwater data on an
accelerated basis under the data call-in program.
- Use, formulation, or geographic restrictions: Manufacturing-use
products may only be formulated into end-use products intended for
use as a herbicide on cotton and sugarcane.
- Unique label warning statements:
- Labels of all MP's must bear the statements:
- Use pattern statement: For formulation into end-use herbicide
products intended for use on cotton and sugarcane.
- Precautionary statements: Do not contaminate water by cleaning
of equipment or disposal of wastes. Do not discharge effluent
containing this product into lakes, streams, ponds, estuaries,
oceans, or public waters unless this product is specifically
identified and addressed in an NPDES permit. Do not discharge
effluent containing this product into sewer systems without
previously notifying the sewage treatment plant authority. For
guidance, contact your State Water Board or Regional Office of
the EPA.
- Labels of EP's must bear the statements:
- Hazards to humans statement: Mixer/leader/applicators must
wear protective clothing consisting of coveralls, a long-
sleeved shirt, shoes, impermeable gloves, and eye protection
when handling this product.
- Environmental hazard statement: The labels of EP's intended
for outdoor use must bear one of the following statements.
depending on the formulation of the product:
- Granular products must bear the statement: Do not apply
directly to water or wetlands. In case of spills, collect
for use or properly dispose of the granules. Do not
contaminate water by cleaning of equipment or disposal of
wastes.
- Nongranular products must bear the statement: Do not apply
directly to water or wetlands. Do not contaminate water by
cleaning of equipment or disposal of wastes.
- All products registered for use on:
- Cotton: Do not feed foliage from treated cotton plants or gin
trash to livestock. Do not apply within 60 days of cotton
harvest.
- Sugarcane: Do not apply within 180 days of harvest. Do not
graze treated fields with livestock.
- All products phytotoxicity warning: Do not plant crops other
than sugarcane or cotton within one year after the last
application, or crop injury may result.
5. SUMMARY OF MAJOR DATA GAPS
Data Requested Due Date (after issuance
of Standard)
Product chemistry 7 months
Magnitude of the residues, sugarcane 19 months
Magnitude of the residues cotton 19 months
Nature of residue (metabolism) 25 months
Hydrolysis Study under review
Photodegradation, water and soil Study under review
Metabolism - lab, aerobic soil and Study under review
anaerobic soil
Leaching and adsorption/desorption Study under review
Soil dissipation, field Study under review
Accumulation, rotational crops Study under review
21-day dermal 13 months
Chronic toxicity 50 months
Oncogenicity study 50 months
Teratogenicity 15 months
Reproduction 39 months
Gene mutation 9 months
Chromosomal aberration 12 months
Other mechanisms of mutagenicity 12 months
General metabolism 24 months
Freshwater fish, warmwater 9 months
Foliar dissipation 25 months
Soil dissipation 25 months
Dermal exposure 25 months
Inhalation exposure 25 months
Analytical methods to verify 13 months
certified limits
Submittal of samples 7 months
Dermal sensitization and 9 months
photosensitization
6. CONTACT PERSON AT EPA
Robert U. Taylor, PM-25
U.S. EPA
TS-767-C
401 M Street S.W.
Washington, DC 20460
709/557-1800
DISCLAIMER:
THE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN THIS CHEMICAL INFORMATION FACT SHEET
IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND NOT TO BE USED TO FULFILL
DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDE REGISTRATION AND REREGISTRATION.
Disclaimer: Please read
the pesticide label prior to use. The information contained at this web
site is not a substitute for a pesticide label. Trade names used herein
are for convenience only; no endorsement of products is intended, nor is
criticism of unnamed products implied. Most of this information is historical
in nature and may no longer be applicable.
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