fenpropathrin (Danitol) Chemical Fact Sheet 12/89
Name of Chemical: Fenpropathrin
Reason for Issuance: New Chemical
Date Issued: December 22, 1989
Fact Sheet Number: 210
1. DESCRIPTION OF THE CHEMICAL
Generic Name: (alpha-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl-2,2,3,3-tetramethyl
cyclopropanecarboxylate)
Common Name: Fenpropathrin (proposed)
Trade Name: Danitol
Other Names: S-3206, ML-41706, SD-41706
EPA Shaughnessy Code (OPP Chemical Code): 127901
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number: 39515-41-8
Year of Initial Registration: 1989
Pesticide Type: Insecticide-Miticide
Chemical Family: Pyrethroid
Producer: Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd.
2. USE PATTERNS AND FORMULATIONS
- Application Sites: Greenhouse Ornamentals including Lath House and
Shade House Use (container-grown plants only).
- Type and Methods of Application: Foliar spray (ground application)
- Rates of Application: 0.1 to 0.3 pound active ingredient (ai) per
100 gallons of spray (5.33 to 16 oz product).
- Types of Formulations: 90% Technical; 2.4 Emulsifiable Concentrate
Spray (30% ai; 2.4 lb ai/gallon).
- Usual Carriers: Water.
- Target Pests: Mites (two spotted, Southern Red, European Red,
McDaniel), Aphids (apple, wooly apple, rose), Beet armyworm, mealybug
(including immature stages of citrus mealybug), potato leafhopper, San
Jose scale (crawlers, Japanese Beetle, spotted tentiform leafminer,
thrips, Pandemis moth, codling moth, leafrollers, southern red pine,
lacebugs.
- Limitations: For Commercial Greenhouse Use Only.
3. SCIENCE FINDINGS
Summary Science Statement
The end-use product (Danitol 2.4 EC Spray) has moderate to low acute
oral, dermal, inhalation and eye/skin irritation toxicity. This product
is assigned to Toxicity Category II (Warning) due to oral route of
exposure and eye irritation hazard. The technical product is highly
toxic to mammals by the oral route, with rat oral LD50 values o# 54.0
mg/kg (male), and 48.5 mg/kg (female). There was no evidence of any
carcinogenic effects in a 2-year dietary study (0, 40, 150, 600 ppm) in
rats at dose levels up to and including 600 ppm. No developmental toxic
effects were observed in rats at dose levels greater than 10 mg/kg/ day
nor in rabbits at levels greater than 36 mg/kg/day (highest dose levels
tested). Fenpropathrin was not found to be mutagenic. Laboratory data
indicate fenpropathrin is extremely toxic to fish and aquatic organisms
and is toxic to wildlife. Leaching data show that fenpropathrin and its
aged residues are unlikely to leach in most soils. It is unlikely that
ground water contamination will occur.
Chemical Characteristics: (Technical Grade)
- Physical State: Liquid or solid
- Color: Yellowish brown
- Odor: Faint characteristic odor
- Melting Point: 25-50 degrees C
- Boiling Point: 377 degrees C
- Specific Gravity: d 20/20 = 1.05
- Density at 20 degrees C: 1.103
- Empirical Formula: C24H2503N
- Molecular Weight: 349.4
- Solubility: 0.33 ppm at 25 degrees C in H2O; easily soluble in
common organic solvents
- Octanol/Water Partition Coefficient: Pow = 1 x 10 minus 6
- Storage Stability: Data indicate that S-3206 is stable in organic
solvents at warehouse temperature and in light of wavelengths above
350 nm.
Toxicology Characteristics
Technical Formulation:
- Acute Oral Toxicity, Rat: LD50 = 54.0 mg/kg (males ), 48.5
mg/kg (females). Toxicity Category I
- Acute Dermal, Rat: LD50 = 1600 mg/kg (males), 870 mg/kg
(females). Toxicity Category II.
- Acute Inhalation LC50, Mouse and Rat: The maximum attainable
concentration (0.009 ug/L as vapor) was nontoxic. Toxicity
Category IV.
- Primary Eye Irritation, Rabbit: No corneal involvement. Mild iris
and conjunctival irritant. Toxicity Category III.
- Primary Dermal Irritation, Rabbit: Not an irritant. Toxicity
Category IV.
- Dermal Sensitization, Guinea Pig: Not a sensitizer.
- Neurotoxicity, Hen: No delayed neurotoxicity at < 1000 mg/kg/day x 5.
- 2-Year Feeding/Carcinogenic, Mouse: Systemic NOEL > 600 ppm (HDT; M/F
56.0/65.2 mg/kg/day). There were no indications of toxicity or
oncogenicity other than marginally increased hyperactivity in females
dosed at 600 ppm.
- 2-Year Feeding/Carcinogenic, Rat: Systemic NOEL = 450 ppm (17.06
mg/kg/day) in males, 150 ppm (7.23 mg/kg/day) in females Systemic
LEL = 600 ppm (HDT; 22.80 mg/kg/day) in males (increased mortality,
body tremors, increased pituitary, kidney, and adrenal weights) 450
ppm (19.45 mg/kg/day) in females (increased mortality and body
tremors)
- There was no evidence of oncogenicity at any dose.
- 1-Year Feeding, Dog: Systemic NOEL = 2.5 mg/kg/day
Systemic LEL = 6.25 mg/kg/day
- Developmental Toxicity, Rabbit:
- Maternal NOEL = 4 mg/kg/day
- Maternal LEL = 12 mg/kg/day (grooming, anorexia, flicking of the
forepaws)
- Developmental NOEL > 36 mg/kg/day (HDT)
- Developmental Toxicity, Rat:
- Maternal NOEL = 0.4 mg/kg/day
- Maternal LEL = 2.0 mg/kg/day
- Developmental NOEL > 10 mg/kg/day (HDT)
- 3-Generation Reproduction, Rat:
- Parents: Systemic NOEL = 40 ppm (M/F 3.0/3.4 mg/kg/day)
Systemic NOEL = 120 ppm (M/F 8.9/10.1 mg/kg/day) (body
tremors with spasmodic muscle twitches, increased
sensitivity and maternal lethality)
- Pups: Reproductive NOEL = 120 ppm (M/F 8.0/10.1 mg/kg/day)
Reproductive LEL = 360 ppm (M/F 26.9/32.0 mg/kg/day)
(decreased mean F1B pup weight, increased F2B loss)
Fetotoxic NOEL = 40 ppm (M/F 3.0/3.4 mg/kg/day)
Fetotoxic LEL = 120 ppm (M/F 8.9/10.1 mg/kg/day) (body
tremors, increased mortality)
Mutagenicity Studies
A. Gene Mutation Test: Negative for Salmonella TA98, TA100, TA1535,
TA1537, and TA1538; and E. coli WP2uvrA (trp ) with or without
metabolic activation.
In Vitro Assay in Equivocal results - probably of no
Mouse Lymphoma cells concern
B. Structural Chromosome Data submitted October 1989 and under
Aberration Test: review.
C. In Vitro Sister Chromatid There were no increases in sister
Exchange Test: chromatid exchanges seen in CHO-K1
cells.
D. DNA Damaging Sister Not mutagenic
Chromatid Exchange Test
Metabolism Studies:
A. Metabolism, Rat 97% is eliminated in 48 hours.
(2 studies) Little residue after 8 days. Highest
concentration in fat. Metabolites
were identified in urine.
B. Percutaneous Absorption, Over a 24-hour period, very little
Rat test article was absorbed through the
skin. The major route of elimination
was the urine.
End-Use Formulation:
- Acute Oral, Rat: LD50 = 72.4 mg/kg (males), 71.8 mg/kg
(females) and 72.1 mg/kg (both sexes). Toxicity Category II
- Acute Dermal, Rabbit: LD50 > 2000 mg/kg. Toxicity Category III
- Acute Inhalation, Rat: LC50 = 3.72 mg/L (males, 2.75 mg/L
(females), 3.20 mg/L (both sexes). Toxicity Category III
- Primary Eye Irritation, Rabbit: Moderately persistent corneal
opacity. Toxicity Category II
- Primary Dermal Irritation, Rabbit: Draize Score = 2.2. Toxicity
Category III
- Skin Sensitization, Guinea Pig: Not a sensitizer
- 21-Day Dermal, Rabbits: Local irritation only at dose levels of 100
mg/kg/day and above. No systemic pathology at 900 mg/kg (HDT)
Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics
- Foliar Absorption: Not absorbed
- Translocation: Not translocated
- Mechanism of Pesticide Action: Neurotoxicity characteristic of
pyrethroid insecticides (contact action).
Ecological Effects Characteristics
- Avian Acute Oral
- Mallard Duck: LD50 = 1089 mg/kg
- Avian Dietary
- Bobwhite quail: LD50 = > 10,000
- Mallard duck: LC50 = 9026 ppm
- Freshwater Fish
- Rainbow trout: LC50 = 2.3 ppb
- Bluegill: LC50 = 2.2 ppb
- Channel catfish: LC50 = 5.5 ppb
- Sheepshead minnow: LC50 = 31 ppb
- Aquatic Invertebrate
- Daphnia magna: LC50 = 0.53 ppb (48 hr)
- Daphnia magna: MATC > 0.22 < 0.35 ppb
- Avian Reproduction Studies
- Bobwhite quail: Environmental concentrations of up to 2.0 ppm do
not present a reproductive hazard
- Mallard duck: No reproductive related effects were seen at 2.0
ppm (HDT).
Environmental Fate and Ground water Characteristics:
- Hydrolysis: Stable at environmental pH (pH 6-8) and temperature of
25 degrees C.
- Aerobic Soil Metabolism: Degrades under aerobic soil conditions with
a half-life of 33 to 34 days. Fenpropathrin degrades to desphenyl-
fenpropathrin and other minor metabolites which undergo further
degradation to C02.
- Mobility/Leaching: Soil column leaching data show that fenpropathrin
and its aged residues are unlikely to leach in most soils. However,
some leaching may occur in sand soils very low in organic matter
(e.g., 0.1% organic matter).
- Environmental Fate and Surface and Ground Water Contamination
Concerns: No concerns at this time.
- Exposure of Humans and Nontarget Organisms to Chemical or Degradates:
Applicator exposure in greenhouse: Fenpropathrin is not highly
toxic by the dermal or inhalation route; however, the formulated
product can be irritating to the eyes. Goggles or a face shield
will provide protection to the eyes in case of accidental splashing
during mixing/loading and during spraying.
- Exposure During Reentry Operations: No special precautions needed
in greenhouses once spray residues are dry.
Tolerance Assessment
Not applicable for greenhouse ornamental crops.
4. SUMMARY OF REGULATORY POSITION AND RATIONALE
The Agency has determined that it should allow the unconditional
registration of fenpropathrin to control pests for greenhouse use since
all of the data required to support this use pattern have been sub-
mitted, reviewed and found acceptable. Adequate data are available to
assess the acute and chronic effects of fenpropathrin to humans. Based
on exposure to aquatic organisms and terrestrial wildlife from green-
house usage, adverse effects to nontarget organisms and endangered
species are unlikely. Likewise, surface and groundwater contamination
is unlikely from greenhouse usage.
5. SUMMARY OF DATA GAPS
None
6. REQUIRED UNIQUE LABELING SUMMARY
The following use limitations must appear on products registered for
use in greenhouses:
- For commercial greenhouse use only.
- Do not reenter treated areas until sprays have dried.
- Do not apply this product through any type of irrigation
system.
- Appropriate personal protective equipment and work safety
statements must appear on the label of products registered
for use on/in lath house, shade house, and greenhouse.
7. CONTACT PERSON AT EPA
George T. LaRocca
Product Manager 15
Insecticide-Rodenticide Branch
Registration Division (H7505C)
Office of Pesticide Programs
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
401 M Street SW.
Washington, DC 20460
Office location and telephone number:
Rm. 203, CM #2
1921 Jefferson Davis Highway
Arlington, VA 22202
(703) 557-2400
DISCLAIMER: THE INFORMATION PRESENTED IN THIS CHEMICAL INFORMATION FACT
SHEET IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND MAY NOT BE USED TO FULFILL
DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR PESTICIDE REGISTRATION AND REREGISTRATION.
Disclaimer: Please read
the pesticide label prior to use. The information contained at this web
site is not a substitute for a pesticide label. Trade names used herein
are for convenience only; no endorsement of products is intended, nor is
criticism of unnamed products implied. Most of this information is historical
in nature and may no longer be applicable.
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